MAKERS | EUROPE | ITALY | CERAMICS

 

Doriana Usai | Ceramicist

 

 

In an area rich in history and folklore, Doriana Usai is the first woman in a family of turners who have been passing on the craft for generations. Her creations have the freedom of a technique learnt as a child, familiarising herself with the material with playfulness, but with constant and profound references to the tradition from which she comes.

How did you begin?

I grew up in a family of potters, in a town of potters. The first records come from my paternal side, five generations back, around 1840. I am the first woman, because working with ceramics was considered a male role, too physical for a woman as it also required extracting the clay directly from the quarries.

At the time, in Sardinia there were so-called ‘gremi’, guilds under which specialised workers gathered, but which imposed strict rules and, by indicating pre-established fashions, prevented deviations from the norm dictated by creativity. So, artist ceramics developed slowly, only taking root in the early 20th century.

In my formative years, flair and imagination were held in high esteem by my parents, who encouraged me towards my own artistic identity and personal choices of expression from early on. I decided I wanted to do this job as soon as I finished school, and I have now been working in my studio for 26 years.

How did you learn?

Learning was a spontaneous process, because ever since I was a child I would attend the workshop and watch my father. In summer, when school was closed, I would spend whole days there. All my training took place ‘inside the family’, with the advantage that I was always encouraged to experiment. What I would also add is that in craft trades you never stop learning. I feel as if the childhood play phase is never over: I just receive a particular commission from a customer who requires something customised, and to fulfil their wishes I invariably find myself learning something new.


How do you plan, prepare and create your works?

The world of ceramics is boundless. In this huge and fascinating landscape, my speciality is the potter's wheel, and that is how most of my ceramics are made. The execution varies from piece to piece, but many steps are repeated. For example for the ‘bride's jugs’ made for Cabana, the body of the vase is modelled on the potter's wheel and finished with spatulas. Then the handles (2 to 4) are applied, and when the composition has taken on the hardness of leather, the decorations can be added. 

The next stage is natural drying; when the jugs are completely drained they can finally be placed in the kiln, where they remain for 13-14 hours at a temperature of 1000 degrees. Once extracted and left to cool, the pottery has become ‘biscuit’ and can be glazed with the desired crystallines. The second firing takes place at this point and, from the moment the clay has been modelled, approximately 30-40 days have passed.

Where do you work?

My workshop is in the town where I was born and grew up, in Assemini, near Cagliari. I have a large space, on two floors, equipped with two kilns and booths for kneading, and an exhibition space to receive visitors. Around me there are 10 other pottery workshops, thanks to the fact that the village has a centuries-old craft tradition and is protected by the national preservation organisation. It is a land still rich in folklore, where the past lives on.

Who or what most influences your work?

I am inspired by tradition, but not in a literal sense: sometimes I re-make typical shapes, but at other times I draw on areas of extrinsic regional heritage and transport them into the world of ceramics. I like, for example, to use the colours of folk clothing, or emulate the shapes of wedding sweets. One of my collections with female silhouettes is named with all the dialectal names of women within the Sardinian family, to try to preserve a terminology that is being lost.

As for the objects from tradition, ‘the bride's jugs’ (sold by Cabana) belonged to the wedding trousseau, as did the ‘scivedde’, containers for kneading bread or pasta that were once common everywhere. Finally, for the more modern pieces, inspiration can also come from nature: I have made a collection inspired by the sea and one inspired by cork trees, and soon I will be ready to present a line that brings back the theme of drought – with the idea that the Sardinian land is arid, but beautiful.

One more thing... The best and worst things about being a craftsperson today?

It takes dedication. Self-employment is difficult because of the expense and the risks, but if you do something you love, it doesn't weigh you down. It's a type of work in which you feel fulfilled, because you are constantly in connection with your emotions.

 

Interview by Sara Pierdonà 
Images from Doriana Usai

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